Construction The skeleton of a post and beam horse barn just after raising Thomas Ranck Round Barn in Fayette County, Indiana, U.S.
In many cases, the New World colonial barn evolved from the Low German house, which was transformed to a real barn by first generation colonists from the Netherlands and Germany. One of the latter was the Low German (hall) house, in which the harvest was stored in the attic. Other types descended from the prehistoric longhouse or other building traditions. Not all, however, evolved from the medieval barn. A special type were byre-dwellings, which included living quarters, byres and stables, such as the Frisian farmhouse or Gulf house and the Black Forest house. Whenever stone walls were applied, the aisled timber frame often gave way to single-naved buildings. The latter also spread to Eastern Europe. The main types were large barns with sideway passages, compact barns with a central entrance and smaller barns with a transverse passage. The storage floors between the central posts or in the aisles were known as bays or mows (from Middle French moye). As a rule, the aisled barn had large entrance doors and a passage corridor for loaded wagons. In the course of time, its construction method was adopted by normal farms and it gradually spread to simpler buildings and other rural areas. In the 15th century several thousands of these huge barns were to be found in Western Europe. This, in turn, originated in a 12th-century building tradition, also applied in halls and ecclesiastical buildings. The modern barn largely developed from the three aisled medieval barn, commonly known as tithe barn or monastic barn. A Thesaurus of Old English lists bere-ærn and melu-hudern ("meal-store house") as synonyms for barn. While the only literary attestation of bere-hus (also granary) comes from the Dialogi of Gregory the Great, there are four known mentions of bere-tun and two of bere-flor. Bere-tun also meant granary the literal translation of bere-tun is "grain enclosure". The related words bere-tun and bere-flor both meant threshing floor. The word bere-ern, also spelled bern and bearn, is attested to at least sixty times in homilies and other Old English prose. The word barn comes from the Old English bere, for barley (or grain in general), and aern, for a storage place-thus, a storehouse for barley. In addition, barns may be used for equipment storage, as a covered workplace, and for activities such as threshing. In mainland Europe, however, barns were often part of integrated structures known as byre-dwellings (or housebarns in US literature). In the British Isles, the term barn is restricted mainly to storage structures for unthreshed cereals and fodder, the terms byre or shippon being applied to cow shelters, whereas horses are kept in buildings known as stables. tobacco barn, dairy barn, cow house, sheep barn, potato barn. As a result, the term barn is often qualified e.g. In North America, a barn refers to structures that house livestock, including cattle and horses, as well as equipment and fodder, and often grain. Starke Round Barn in Red Cloud, Nebraska, the largest freestanding barn in the country.Ī barn is an agricultural building usually on farms and used for various purposes. The bridge (rather than a ramp) in this case also shelters animals. Dendrochronologically dated from 1237 to 1269, it was restored in the 1980s by the Coggeshall Grange Barn Trust, Braintree District Council and Essex County Council. Grange Barn, Coggeshall, England, originally part of the Cistercian monastery of Coggeshall. Painting from 1894 by Klavdy Lebedev titled the floor or the threshing floor (Гумно). Note the board across the doorway to prevent grain from spilling out of the barn, this is the origin of the term threshold. Russian women using a hand powered winnowing machine in a threshing barn. The Texas Technological College Dairy Barn in Lubbock, Texas, U.S., was used as a teaching facility until 1967. The traditional color is the result of iron oxide stain applied to protect the wood from UV damage. Agricultural building used for storage and as a covered workplace Timber framed with siding of vertical boards was typical in early New England.
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